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:вЂЉ13Дespite Laemmle's role as an innovator, he was an extremely cautious studio chief. Leonard, George Marshall and Lois Weber, one of the few women directing films in Hollywood.

Jewel вЂ“ prestige motion pictures featuring high budgets using prominent actorsДirectors included Jack Conway, John Ford, Rex Ingram, Robert Z.

Bluebird Photoplays вЂ“ mainstream feature release and more ambitious productions.

Red feather Photoplays вЂ“ low-budget feature films.

Universal released three different types of feature motion pictures: Branding would help theater owners make judgments for films they were about to lease and help fans decide which movies they wanted to see.

By branding their product, Universal gave theater owners and audiences a quick reference guide. Universal, unlike the top-tier studios, did not own any theaters to market its feature films. In 1916, Universal formed a three-tier branding system for their releases.

However, it sought an audience mostly in small towns, producing mostly inexpensive melodramas, westerns and serials. Universal became the largest studio in Hollywood and remained so for a decade.

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Unlike other movie moguls, Laemmle opened his studio to tourists. Studio management became the third facet of Universal's operations, with the studio incorporated as a distinct subsidiary organization. On March 15, 1915, :вЂЉ8 Laemmle opened the world's largest motion picture production facility, Universal City Studios, on a 230-acre (0.9-km 2) converted farm just over the Cahuenga Pass from Hollywood. Universal advertisement touting the benefit of the studio's short films to theater operators In 1910, he promoted Florence Lawrence, formerly known as ' The Biograph Girl', and actor King Baggot, in what may be the first instance of a studio using stars in its marketing. By naming the movie stars, he attracted many of the leading players of the time, contributing to the creation of the star system. Laemmle broke with Edison's custom of refusing to give billing and screen credits to performers. That company quickly evolved into the Independent Moving Pictures Company (IMP), with studios in Fort Lee, New Jersey, where many early films in America's first motion picture industry were produced in the early 20th century. In June 1909, Laemmle started the Yankee Film Company with partners Abe Stern and Julius Stern. Soon, Laemmle and other disgruntled nickelodeon owners decided to avoid paying Edison by producing their own pictures. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Patents Company (or the 'Edison Trust') meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons.

One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons, and calculating the day's takings. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Universal Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association (MPA), and was one of the 'Little Three' majors during Hollywood's golden age. In 1962, the studio was acquired by MCA, which was re-launched as NBCUniversal in 2004. Its studios are located in Universal City, California, and its corporate offices are located in New York City. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour, Universal is the oldest surviving film studio in the United States the world's fifth oldest after Gaumont, PathГ©, Titanus, and Nordisk Film and the oldest member of Hollywood's 'Big Five' studios in terms of the overall film market. Universal Pictures (legally Universal City Studios LLC, also known as Universal Studios, or simply Universal common metonym: Uni, and formerly named Universal Film Manufacturing Company and Universal-International Pictures Inc.) is an American film production and distribution company owned by Comcast through the NBCUniversal Film and Entertainment division of NBCUniversal.ДЇounded in 1912 by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O.

Makeready (co-backing with Entertainment One only, film and television production company run by Brad Weston).

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